What is DNS?

Nov 26, 202418 mins read

Learn about DNS (Domain Name System), the essential technology that translates human-friendly domain names into IP addresses, enabling users to easily access websites. Discover how DNS works, its importance for website performance, and its role in the internet infrastructure. Optimize your website's DNS settings for better speed and reliability.

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DNS (Domain Name System) is an indispensable system for the composition of the Internet, essentially DNS is a distributed database system, which maps domain names and IP addresses to each other and corresponds to each other; it enables users to access the Internet more conveniently.The main function of DNS is to Convert domain names, which are easy for users to remember, into IP addresses that can be recognized by machines, enabling users to access Internet resources through domain names.
 

    Addressing on the Internet is realized through IPV4 or IPV6 (IPV4 is mainly introduced here), IP address is the only door number on the global Internet, the Internet needs to communicate with any manufacturers of terminals, servers; must follow the IP protocol in order to communicate with other devices on the Internet, the IP address is the only identification under the IP protocol. About IP address, later detailed introduction to share with you.
 

    Through the above introduction, we can understand that the IP address is the basis of the communication of devices on the Internet, but the IP address of IPV4 through the format of four groups of numbers to indicate that it is only four segments of the number of each segment of the maximum of no more than 255. similar to: 202.96.209.133,103.22.55.7 and so on.
 

 Note: IP addresses are currently assigned by ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers):

 

IP address is now assigned by ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers). InterNIC: responsible for the United States and other regions; ENIC: responsible for Europe; APNIC (Asia Pacific Network Information Center): users in China can apply to APNIC for a private address (Private address), which is a non-registered address, specifically for the internal use of organizations. APNIC (Asia Pacific Network Information Center): 

Users in China can apply to APNIC (fees apply) for a private address (Private address) is a non-registered address, exclusively for the internal use of the organization. 
enterprise LAN and some other private networks to configure the above three IP address segments.     

  Through the format of IP address we found a problem, if the user needs to access a certain server or a certain service, in the absence of a domain name, he can only memorize the corresponding IP address of the server, otherwise he can't access the server that provides the service.    The central role of DNS on the Internet emerged.

Without DNS, people would not be able to access resources on the Internet through domain names.DNS makes complex IP addresses easy to memorize and greatly improves the accessibility and user experience on the Internet.The importance of DNS lies in the fact that it simplifies the process of communication between people and machines, making it possible to access network resources through intuitive domain names rather than a long list of IP addresses.
 

    When a user types a domain name into a browser, such as www.example.com, a DNS server translates the domain name into a corresponding IP address, such as 111.0.2.1. This process is known as domain name resolution or host name resolution. The DNS protocol runs on top of the UDP protocol and uses port number 53. The mapping of a domain name to an IP address can be accomplished through either a static mapping or a dynamic mapping, usually through a dedicated server. Mapping is done either statically or dynamically, usually through a specialized domain name resolution server.    Simply put, the most basic service of DNS is to turn IP addresses into easy-to-remember, graphic domain names. It is easy for users to understand and remember.
 

 However, with the development of the Internet, domain name resolution, in addition to the initial, most basic solution to the problem of IP address memory difficulties, the development of a variety of proliferation of functions. For example, intelligent scheduling function, load balancing function and so on, add different function modules on DNS server, make DNS resolution more flexible and secure.

For example: domain name scheduling system/intelligent DNS system in products and scenarios please click to see details ............

    First, we prepare several IP addresses or a pool of IP addresses for a domain name that needs to be resolved; we obtain various parameters of these IP addresses (e.g., availability, operator attributes, latency, packet loss, server load, etc.) through technical means, and then the system returns the optimal IP address for the domain name that the user accesses according to the formulated policy;   

 For example, if a Unicom user wants to visit Jingdong's website, firstly, the intelligent resolution will select the Jingdong server with Unicom IP address in the IP address pool, and test the availability and delay of the IP address according to the set rules, if the IP address is up to the standard, it will be returned to the user as the best result, and then the user will make a request for accessing to the returned IP address, and the server will return to the user the domain name to be accessed after receiving the request.    The server receives the request and returns the content to the user.Through the domain name scheduling system/intelligent DNS, it is possible to realize the redundancy of paths for users to access the server, network acceleration and so on.

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